The author outlines religious practices and history of Protestant Churches in Holland. Most attention is paid to the Reformed Church of Holland, but other Churches are discussed. The influence of politics and important figureheads is described.

The article reviews two sermons on the freedom of sinners to obey God. The author declares that man can obey so long as he is able, stating the reverend’s point is obvious and flawed.

The tearing of garments and putting on sackcloth are common acts mentioned together in the Hebrew Bible. The author argues that these customs exhibit a tendency in religious observances to revert to the ways of an earlier time.

Three inscriptions are laid out, which directly relate to the Assyrian ceremony of the scapegoat. Many of the rites discusses in these inscriptions relate to those of the Israelites. Translations and commentaries are given of all three inscriptions.

The article rejects the argument that the Bible was not solely penned by Moses. He examines the evidence and presents his own to oppose it. He concludes that neither side of the argument can be proven.

The article reviews a text by a convert from Presbyterianism to the Protestant Episcopal Church. The reviewer is critical of much of the evidence the author uses and declares the book to be poor in quality and unoriginal.

This volume, in Arabic, provides an overview of biblical history in the form of questions and answers divided into chapters by theme.

Sbath here publishes the Arabic text of The Medical Garden, a compendium of medical-philosophical definitions, the work of the last prominent member of the famous Bakhtishu‘ family of physicians, with notes and a brief introduction.

This is the second printing of a Catholic catechism in the Aramaic dialect of Mosul, originally published at the Dominican Press there.

This catechism in the Aramaic dialect of Urmia, originally published at the Lazarist Press there, provides questions and answers regarding the Catholic faith in that language.

This unique volume has a discussion of the lives of the Fathers extant in Syriac texts then at the British Museum. Plates reproduce a number of fragments of these manuscripts, together with Dietrich’s descriptions.

In this short work, originally published in the Festschrift for Nöldeke, Chabot gives a notice and overview of the Gannat Bussame, a commentary on the East Syriac lectionary and an important witness to the East Syriac exegetical tradition.

The article reviews a book which is highly critical of Quakerism. The reviewer relates a brief history of Quakerism and proceeds to challenge Quaker doctrines. Quakerism is described as an incorrect form of Christianity.

The article describes and critiques the authenticity of the epistles of Ignatius. The author claims that the illegitimacy of letters that speak of prelacy erodes the basis for Episcopacy and Presbyterianism.

This book is a response to the popular counter-reading of Ecclesiastes in the 1980s and 90s as a book of “joy” (rather than a pessimistic book). It examines the seven “joy statements” of Qoheleth in the light of analogies with scepticism and the literary form of irony. Irony, like scepticism, has the function to induce doubt and questions. The joy statements of Qoheleth are likely analogous to expressions of complex irony—whereby what is said is both meant and not meant. This examination highlights the complexity of the biblical book—while demonstrating how unlikely the “joy reading” may be.

The application of computer technology to the edition and linguistic analysis of biblical texts has provided, in the last thirty years, advanced tools for research purposes as well as for teaching the Bible in the classroom. This discipline requires, nonetheless, a critical evaluation from a historical perspective, examining past and present achievements and failures. This collection of essays evaluates the current tools and considers what is needed to satisfy the increasing demand for software related to the biblical texts, and offers an overview of different trends in computer technology on the Bible.