The second Norfolk volume covers a substantial tract of peat fen defined by three rivers, and incorporates the only island of any size in the Norfolk Fens. The rapid shrinkage of peat on the upland edge has revealed a densely-occupied zone that was settled from the Mesolithic through to the Bronze Age. Human settlement is viewed against changing environmental conditions as the Embayment became waterlogged and the fen edge was deserted in historic times. Investigation of the Roman road known as the Fen Causeway revealed a canal, and the associated salt-making and peat cutting economy.

The craftsmanship of longboat-building is not something we can draw on today, so when the Viking Ship Museum, Roskilde wanted to look into this ancient skill, they needed to track down people who still had the tradition of boat-building in their culture. This book looks at the boat-building and culture of the Punan Bah people of Borneo and then puts the longboat in its wider cultural-historical perspective.

A secure supply of safe water is essential for the development of civilised life. The great aqueducts of the Roman period are lasting and visible symbols of ancient achievements in this area, while other, less spectacular but equally well adapted water storage and distribution systems served communities of different types. All of these systems are of interest to archaeologists and to historians of engineering and technology. This volume contains thirteen papers by leaders in the field of Roman hydraulics in response to the question: "What would be the approach most profitably to be pursued in future studies in Roman aqueducts?" The nucleus is the five revised papers of the colloquium chaired by A. T. Hodge in New York in 1987. Eight further papers were added at the editor's invitation, to make a volume varied in approach and in geographical spread, unified by the international distinction of the contributors. Trevor Hodge himself contributes a masterly, and entertaining, concluding essay on the whole question of the interdisciplinary nature of his field, its possibilities, problems and pleasures.

A study of the Torajan ricebarn, a traditional Indonesian structure where the rice crop is stored, and where the main social life of the village takes place. This paper was stimulated by the construction of a ricebarn for the Museum of Mankind at the British Museum in 1987.

Cyropaedia - Xenophon's Aims & Methods

Presented in both Czech and English this book commemorates work by the Czech Institute of Egyptology in Egypt between 1958 and 1988. The topics covered are: The international UNESCO campaign to save the monuments of Nubia; work at the Mastaba of Ptahshepses at Abusir; work in the South Field at Abusir; an overview of Czech Egyptological Expeditions and a bibliography of Czech Egyptological publications.

The fifth century AD has always been a period of intense interest for historians. At the beginning, the Roman Empire looked as impentrable as it had done for centuries, but by 500AD the world had changed beyond recognition. The western emperor had been deposed and the imperial government had lost control of most of Europe. From now on, inhabitants of western Europe lived in a post-Roman world. The writers of Latin histories in the fifth century were not concerned with the minutiae of politcs, or military affairs, they were Christians who saw the development of the world purely as God's plan for humanity. The connection between present and past was best shown through the new type of historical work, the Christian chronicle, the narrative structure of which was based around extensive lists, with minimal written detail. The three chroniclers whose work is discussed here were amongst the earliest to take up this new literary form, and each wrote a continuation of Jerome's chroncile, itself a translation of Eusebius' Christian world chronicle.

Works written and published in Latin by Elizabethan and Jacobean writers covered a vast range, from brief poetic trifles to massive scholarly, humanist and scientific treatises. Among its authors were some of the greatest intellects of the day; and study of Latin dedications and commendatory verses makes clear the importance of Latinate culture in the Court as well as in the universities and learned professions. English renaissance Latin culture was the shared intellectual background for all educated people, England's bridge to the scientific, literary, political, philosophical and religious life of continental Europe. J.W. Binns has examined almost all the numerous books written in Latin and printed in England during the Elizabethan and Jacobean periods. Intellectual Culture in Elizabethan and Jacobean England (ICEJE)is the result of over 25 years labour - the first comprehensive overview of the Latinate culture of England, which was the counterpart, on a higher intellectual level, of the better-known contemporary achievements in the English vernacular. It discusses various aspects of the Latin poetry of Renaissance England (seven chapters); Latin drama, and its attackers and defenders; translations into Latin from Greek and from European vernaculars; treatises on such disparate subjects as translation theory, the soul, swimming, and humanist historiography and biography; writings on theology; legal studies; and the physical sciences. Treatments vary, from the close study of significant individuals (such as Case and Rainolds) to broader surveys, for example, of Latin style. Latin quoted in the main text is accompanied by English translation. The extensive reference section contains a tripartite Bibliography, of manuscripts, books printed before 1751, and books and articles printed after 1750; a Biographical Register of around 1000 entries; and an Index of Modern Authors, followed by a detailed General Index. ICEJE is a treasure-house of ideas and material for all researchers into Elizabethan and Jacobean literary culture. It is an essential handbook for students of English literature, renaissance scholars, cultural historians, latinists, librarians and bibliographers.

This is the first report on the finds from K. Kenyon's and J. B. Ward-Perkins' excavations at Sabratha from 1948-1951, and contains full discussion and catalogues. This volume constitutes a landmark in the study of Punic and Roman pottery from Sabratha and Tripolitania, not only covering new dated types but also quantified studies and analysis It will be a lasting reference to the pottry from this area, and invaluable also for what it brings to the historical picture of this city.

Professor Fehling's important study of source-citations in Herodotus first appeared in German in 1971 ( Die Quellenangaben bei Herodot ). It proved controversial at the time, setting its face as it did against the general trend of Herodotean studies over the preceding few decades. Herodotus and his 'Sources' re-opens the question of the veracity of Herodotus' source-citations, raised in the last century in Britain by A. H. Sayce and in Germany by H. Panofsky. Their view, in essence that Herodotus simply invented most of the sources to which he attributed his information, so that they were without factual basis, met with general disbelief. However, modern arguments in favour of a factual basis are, as Fehling suggests in his Introduction, logically untenable. A rigorous analysis in Chapters 1 and 2 of Herodotus' methods of source-citation, and of his narrative strategies, lays the foundation for chapters on the role of free invention in Herodotus and on Herodotus' use of 'typical numbers'. Some comparative material from other authors, mainly ancient but also medieval, is adduced. A short concluding chapter sketches some of the wider implications of the view adopted in this study. In this English edition, translated by J. G. Howie in close collaboration with the author, numerous small revisions and a few major ones are incorporated. The translator has aimed at clarity and ease of comprehension. This book will be of primary concern to ancient historians and historiographers; narratologists will also find much in it to interest them.

A report on the excavation of an Uruk period mound dug as part of the Hamrin Dam rescue project in East Iraq. It includes sections on the archaeology, finds, animal bones and flints.

The third and final Sippar volume catalogues some 12,000 Babylonian tablets acquired by the British Museum between 1882 and 1895. The tablets, which are catalogued by date, include a large number of Old Babylonian examples.

This was a rescue project in the basin of the Qadisiyya Dam recently completed at Haditha. Qal'at 'Ana is an island in the stream of the Euphrates, the site of the ancient and medieval city of 'Ana, since the 17th century downgraded to a village and palm-gardens, while the town moved to the right bank. 'Ana, on the Middle Euphrates some 150 km below the modern Iraqi-Syrian border, a very beautiful place, was the centre of an autonomous governorate under the Assyrians, a border fortress under the Parthians, Romans and Sasanians, and a caravan town and bedouin centre under Islam.

Presents research contributions drawing on radiocarbon dates produced by the Oxford Radiocarbon Accelerator.

This volume describes the pottery-making depot attached to the pre-Flavian vexillation fortress of Longthorpe near Peterborough and and throws light on the problems of supply of the Roman army during the conquest campaigns. It contains a detailed report on excavations at a group of sites lying east and south-east of the Roman fortress of Longthorpe, Cambridgeshire. A second section reports on the finds from the excavations.